Übersichtsarbeit


Ethnic considerations for the facial aesthetic uses of botulinum toxin: an Asian perspective

ETHNISCHE GESICHTSPUNKTE ZUR ÄSTHETISCHEN ANWENDUNG VON BOTULINUMTOXIN IM GESICHT: EINE ASIATISCHE PERSPEKTIVE

Keywords | Summary | Correspondence | Literature

Keywords

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Schlüsselworte

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Summary

There are several consensus guidelines, mostly based on the Caucasian experiences, for facial aesthetic uses of botulinum toxin type A. For Asians, only a few articles on the same subject have been published. This article is aimed to review the ethnic differences in facial anatomy which are relevant to botulinum toxin injection for facial aesthetics. Literature review of the anatomic diversities of the muscles of the forehead, glabellar, and periorbital areas is provided. Ethnic differences in the facial expression patterns are also discussed.

Zusammenfassung

Es existieren mehrere Konsensusleitlinien zum ästhetischen Einsatz von Botulinumtoxin A im Gesicht, die überwiegend auf Kaukasier Bezug nehmen. Für Asiaten sind nur wenige Artikel zum Thema veröffentlicht worden. Dieser Beitrag zielt auf eine Betrachtung der ethnischen Unterschiede in der Gesichtsanatomie ab, die bei Botulinumtoxin- Injektionen im Gesichtsbereich von Bedeutung sind. In einer Literaturübersicht werden anatomische Unterschiede der Stirnmuskulatur, der Glabella sowie der periorbitalen Region dargestellt. Ebenso werden ethnische Unterschiede im Gesichtsausdruck besprochen.

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Korrespondenz-Adresse

Nark-Kyoung Rho, MD
Leaders Aesthetic Laser & Cosmetic Surgery Center
Tower Palace E-4006
Dogok-dong, Kangnam-gu, Seoul 135-535
rhonark@hanmail.net

Literatur

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